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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nguphys</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Сибирский физический журнал</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>SIBERIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2541-9447</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Новосибирский государственный университет</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25205/2541-9447-2018-13-4-91-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nguphys-67</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЗИКА ТВЕРДОГО ТЕЛА, ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВ, НАНОСТРУКТУР</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SOLID-STATE AND SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS, PHYSICS OF NANOSTRUCTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование статистики регистрации одиночных фотонов двумя фотодетекторами для применений в квантовой криптографии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of the Statistics of Single-Photon Counting by Two Photodetectors for Applications in Quantum Cryptography</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Третьяков</surname><given-names>Д. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tretyakov</surname><given-names>D. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">dtret@isp.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коляко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolyako</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kolyako@isp.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Плешков</surname><given-names>А. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pleshkov</surname><given-names>A. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">pleshkov@isp.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Энтин</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Entin</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ventin@isp.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рябцев</surname><given-names>И. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ryabtsev</surname><given-names>I. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">ryabtsev@isp.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Неизвестный</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Neizvestny</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">neizv@isp.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики полупроводников им. А. В. Ржанова СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. V. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS; Novosibirsk State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики полупроводников им. А. В. Ржанова СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный университет; Институт лазерной физики СО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. V. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS; Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Laser Physics SB RAS</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физики полупроводников им. А. В. Ржанова СО РАН; Новосибирский государственный технический университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>A. V. Rzhanov Institute of Semiconductor Physics SB RAS; Novosibirsk State Technical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>104</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Третьяков Д.Б., Коляко А.В., Плешков А.С., Энтин В.М., Рябцев И.И., Неизвестный И.Г., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Третьяков Д.Б., Коляко А.В., Плешков А.С., Энтин В.М., Рябцев И.И., Неизвестный И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Tretyakov D.B., Kolyako A.V., Pleshkov A.S., Entin V.M., Ryabtsev I.I., Neizvestny I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://nguphys.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/67">https://nguphys.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/67</self-uri><abstract><p>Предложен метод обнаружения атаки с делением числа фотонов в квантово-криптографических системах связи по измерению распределения числа фотонов в лазерном импульсе. Вместо использования сложного фотодетектора, способного различать число зарегистрированных фотонов, мы предлагаем использовать два обычных однофотонных детектора на основе лавинных фотодиодов. Представлены результаты экспериментов по измерению числа фотонов в лазерном импульсе и их сравнение с теоретическими расчетами. Обсуждаются пределы применимости предложенного метода.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>A method for revealing a photon-number-splitting attack in quantum-cryptographic communication systems by measuring the photon-number distribution in a laser pulse is proposed. Instead of using a complex photon-numberresolving detector, we propose to use two conventional single-photon detectors based on avalanche photodiodes. The results of experiments on measuring the photon numbers in a laser pulse and their comparison with theoretical calculations are presented. The limits of the applicability of the proposed method are discussed.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>квантовая криптография</kwd><kwd>атака с делением числа фотонов</kwd><kwd>детекторы одиночных фотонов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>quantum cryptography</kwd><kwd>photon-number-splitting attack</kwd><kwd>single-photon detectors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gisin N., Ribordy G., Tittel W., Zbinden H. Quantum cryptography. Rev. of Mod. Phys., 2002, vol. 74, p. 145-195.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gisin N., Ribordy G., Tittel W., Zbinden H. Quantum cryptography. Rev. of Mod. Phys., 2002, vol. 74, p. 145-195.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wooters W. K., Zurek W. H. A Single Quantum Cannot Be Cloned. 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