nguphysСибирский физический журналSIBERIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS2541-9447Новосибирский государственный университет10.25205/2541-9447-2022-17-3-29-46nguphys-210Research ArticleФИЗИКА ТВЕРДОГО ТЕЛА, ПОЛУПРОВОДНИКОВ, НАНОСТРУКТУРSOLID-STATE AND SEMICONDUCTOR PHYSICS, PHYSICS OF NANOSTRUCTURESСинтез углеродных наночастиц в реакторе сжатия в атмосфере буферных газовThe Synthesis of Carbon Nanoparticles in a Compression Reactor in the Atmosphere of Buffer GasesЕздинБ. С.EzdinB. S.

Борис Семенович Ездин, кандидат физико-математических наук, ведущий научный сотрудник

Новосибирск

Boris S. Ezdin, Cand of Sc., leading researcher, Faculty of Physics

Novosibirsk

ВасильевС. А.VasiljevS. A.

Сергей Александрович Васильев, ведущий инженер

Новосибирск

Sergei A. Vasiljev, leading engineer, Faculty of Physics

Novosibirsk

ЯценкоД. А.YatsenkoD. A.

Дмитрий Анатольевич Яценко, кандидат физико-математических наук, старший научный сотрудник

Новосибирск

Dmitriy A. Yatsenko, Cand. of Sc., senior researcher, Faculty of Physics

Novosibirsk

ФедоровВ. Е.FedorovV. E.

Владимир Ефимович Федоров, доктор химических наук

Новосибирск

Vladimir E. Fedorov, Dr Sc.

Novosibirsk

ИвановаМ. Н.IvanovaM. N.

Мария Николаевна Иванова, кандидат химических наук

Новосибирск

Mariia N. Ivanova, Cand. of Sc.

Novosibirsk

КалядаВ. В.KalyadaV. V.

Валерий Владимирович Каляда, ведущий электроник

Новосибирск

Valeriy V. Kalyada, leading electronic engineer, Faculty of Physics

Novosibirsk 

daf2@mail.ruПахаруковЮ. В.PakharukovYu. V.

Юрий Вавилович Пахаруков, профессор, доктор физико-математических наук, кафедра физики, методов контроля и диагностики

Тюмень

Yuri V. Pakharukov, Professor, Dr Sc., Department of Physics, Control and Diagnostics Methods

Tyumen

ШабиевФ. К.ShabievF. K.

Фарид Канафеович Шабиев, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент

Тюмень

Farid K. Shabiev, Cand. of Sc., Associate Professor

Tyumen

ЗарвинА. Е.ZarvinA. E.

Александр Евгеньевич Зарвин, кандидат физико-математических наук, доцент, заместитель декана

Новосибирск

Aleksandr E. Zarvin, Cand. of Sc., Associate Professor, Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Physics

Novosibirsk

Новосибирский государственный университетРоссияNovosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут неорганической химии СО РАНРоссияNikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RASRussian FederationТюменский государственный университетРоссияTyumen State UniversityRussian Federation2022161220221732946Copyright © Ездин Б.С., Васильев С.А., Яценко Д.А., Федоров В.Е., Иванова М.Н., Каляда В.В., Пахаруков Ю.В., Шабиев Ф.К., Зарвин А.Е., 20222022Ездин Б.С., Васильев С.А., Яценко Д.А., Федоров В.Е., Иванова М.Н., Каляда В.В., Пахаруков Ю.В., Шабиев Ф.К., Зарвин А.Е.Ezdin B.S., Vasiljev S.A., Yatsenko D.A., Fedorov V.E., Ivanova M.N., Kalyada V.V., Pakharukov Y.V., Shabiev F.K., Zarvin A.E.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://nguphys.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/210

В работе исследованы физико-химические аспекты газофазного синтеза нанопорошков в циклическом реакторе при сжатии прекурсоров (метан, этилен, ацетилен) в условиях, близких к адиабатическим, в атмосфере буфер­ных одноатомных газов (аргон, гелий, неон). Изучено влияние давления в реакторе и объемного соотношения прекурсор / буферный газ на состав, морфологию и структуру углеродсодержащих частиц, являющихся продук­тами пиролиза. Установлено, что полное разложение наблюдается для всех прекурсоров, но при разных услови­ях. Тепловое разложение метана, имеющего минимальную энтальпию образования, наблюдалось в атмосфере аргона 97,5 % при пиковом давлении более 10 МПа. Обнаружено, что в атмосфере гелия возможности терми­ческой релаксации в условиях быстрых реакций (< 50 мс) существенно ограничены: удалось разложить только ацетилен, имеющий максимальную энтальпию образования. Полученные твердые продукты реакций представ­ляют собой черные порошки с плотностью 20–30 мг/см3. Порошки исследованы методами просвечивающей электронной микроскопии, комбинационного рассеяния, рентгеноструктурного анализа. Частицы – полые или с заполненным центром глобулярные луковичные структуры размером до 100 нм. Рентгеноструктурный ана­лиз показал наличие графитоподобных кристаллитов размерами менее 10 нм во всех образцах. Комбинацион­ное рассеяние показало главным образом sp2-гибридизацию углерода. Показаны широкие возможности метода циклического адиабатического сжатия для пиролиза углеводородов с целью производства разнообразных угле­родных структур, позволившие осуществить регулируемый выход углеродных наноматериалов с требуемой для практического использования морфологией.

We investigated the physicochemical aspects of the gas-phase nanopowder synthesis using a cyclic compression reactor. Compression of precursors (methane, ethylene, acetylene) under conditions close to the adiabatic ones in the atmosphere of buffer monatomic gases (argon, helium, neon) was used. The influence of pressure in the reactor and volumetric ratio of precursor/buffer gas mixture on the composition, morphology, and structure of carbon-containing particles representing the pyrolysis product was studied. Complete pyrolysis was observed for all studied precursors, but under different conditions. Thermal decomposition of methane, having the minimum enthalpy of formation, was observed in an atmosphere with argon content 97.5 % at a peak pressure more than 10 MPa. Helium showed limited possibilities for thermal relaxation under the conditions of fast reactions (< 50 ms). Only acetylene with the maximum enthalpy of formation was decomposed in the atmosphere of helium. The solid reaction products represented black colored powders with a bulk density of 20–30 mg/cm3. The powders were examined by transmission electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy, Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction analysis. The particles represent globular bulbous structures up to 100 nm in size, either hollow or filled inside. X-ray diffraction analysis showed the presence of a graphite-like structure with crystallite sizes less than 10 nm in all samples. Raman analysis showed mainly sp2 hybridization of carbon. The cyclic compression method demonstrates wide range of opportunities for the pyrolysis of hydrocarbons aiming at the production of a variety of carbon structures, which enables for the fine tuning in terms of the yield of products of the required morphology for practical use.

циклический химический реакторадиабатическое сжатиепиролиз углеводородовуглеродные наноматериалыбуферный газcyclic chemical reactoradiabatic compressionpyrolysis of hydrocarbonscarbon nanomaterialsbuffer gasЭкспериментальные работы по получению и исследованию свойств углеродных наноматериалов, кроме РФА, были выполнены при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ, проект № FSUS- 2020-0039. Исследование свойств углеродных наноматериалов методом РФА было выполнено при финансовой поддержке Министерства науки и высшего образования РФ, проект N121031700321-3. В экспериментах использовано оборудование ЦКП «Прикладная физика» НГУ. Работа выполнена на оборудовании Центра коллективного пользования Отдела прикладной физики Физического факультета НГУ. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.